包头市部分地区禁止销售燃放烟花爆竹的规定
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包头市部分地区禁止销售燃放烟花爆竹的规定
包头市人民政府令
第７３号
《包头市部分地区禁止销售燃放烟花爆竹的规定》已经一九九五年八月二十五日市政府第二十四次常务会议通过，现予发布施行。
市长 胡忠
一九九五年九月十日
包头市部分地区禁止销售燃放烟花爆竹的规定
第一条 为了保障国家、集体、公民财产和人身安全，减少城市环境污染，维护社会秩序，根据国家有关法律、法规的规定，结合本市实际，制定本规定。
第二条 本规定所称烟花爆竹是指能产生烟光、声响的烟花、鞭炮等。
第三条 本规定由各级人民政府组织实施。公安机关是禁止销售、燃放烟花爆竹管理工作的主管机关。
第四条 下列地区和区域禁止销售、燃放烟花爆竹：
（一）昆都仑区、青山区、东河区及其城乡结合部；
（二）生产、储存、使用易燃易爆物品的工地、油库、液化石油气站、加油站、仓库周围５００米以内的区域；
（三）古建筑群周围５００米以内的区域；
（四）高压线和重要通讯线路周围５００米以内的区域。
第五条 本规定第四条（二）、（三）、（四）项范围内的有关单位，应当设置明显的禁放标志。
第六条 在禁止销售、燃放烟花爆竹的地区，任何单位和个人不准生产、加工、储存、携带烟花爆竹。
第七条 途径本市运输烟花爆竹的车辆，必须经本市公安机关审验《爆炸物品运输证》，并悬挂危险物品标志后，方可通行。
第八条 国家重大庆典活动需要燃放烟花爆竹的，由市人民政府决定，并发布公告。
第九条 在禁止销售、燃放烟花爆竹的地区，有下列行为之一的，由公安机关给予处罚，情节严重的，处十五日以下拘留。
（一）单位燃放烟花爆竹的，处１０００元以上５０００元以下罚款，并对直接责任人和单位负责人分别处５００元以上１０００元以下罚款；
（二）个人燃放烟花爆竹的，处１００元以上５００元以下罚款；
（三）携带烟花爆竹的，予以没收；
（四）生产、加工、储存、运输烟花爆竹的，没收全部烟花爆竹和违法所得，并处５０００元以上１００００元以下罚款。
罚没款一律上缴国库。
第十条 未成年人违反本规定，由其监护人依法承担责任并负责赔偿。
第十一条 违反治安管理有关规定的，由公安机关依照《中华人民共和国治安管理处罚条例》予以处罚。造成国家、集体财产损害的；公民人身、财产损害的，依法承担赔偿责任；构成犯罪的，依法追究刑事责任。
第十二条 公安机关根据本规定对当事人进行处罚时，应当制作处罚决定书，并送达被处罚人。被处罚人不服处罚决定的，按照《行政复议条例》的有关规定办理。
第十三条 对非法销售、燃放烟花爆竹的，任何单位和个人都有权制止，对不听劝阻者，可以向公安机关举报，对打击报复举报人的，依法给予处罚。
第十四条 本规定由市公安局负责解释。
第十五条 本规定自一九九六年四月一日起施行。
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本案王某的行为是借款还是受贿
李崇军
[案情]
王和中系某镇一副书记，为该镇政府新办公大楼工程的发包方（甲方）现场施工代表，负责工程质量、进度及签字划拨工程款。该工程的承包人李三平、张强（乙方）为获得王在工程中的“关照”，在工程开工之前便与王和中共谋，达成了工程赚钱后三人平分的口头协议。大楼工程在2000年7月开工。至2001年2月工程竣工期间，王和中先后出具了三张只有借款金额、无借款利息及还款时间的借条，共向李三平、张强借得现金5万元。在工程的修建过程中，王和中明知李三平与张强虚报基础工程尺寸，未予制止，致使李、张非法获利10万余元，并在划拨工程款等方面提供方便。工程结算后，李、张二人共盈利26万余元，遂商量告诉王和中只赚了14万元左右，除去王借去的5万元，余利李、张二人均分。在王和中一再追问该工程盈利的情况下，李、张二人告诉王和中，该工程只盈利14万元左右。王和中即未再提出借款和分款。到2003年8月案发前，李、张二人未向王追索借款，王也未还款，双方均未提及此事。案发后，在检察机关的要求下，张强从家中拿出王和中出具的三张借据。张称保留借据的原因是让合伙人李三平知道财务情况，以免误会。
[分歧]
审理中，对本案王和中的行为如何认定，有三种不同意见。
第一种意见认为：王和中在借款时，出具了书面借据，借款后，虽得知该工程盈利“14万元左右”，但不明知其所借之款即为工程开工前口头约定应分得数额，也未再要求分款。虽工程竣工后长达二年仍未还款，但借据仍在张强处，张可随时主张权利，其借款性质仍未转变为口头约定的应分得的款项。因此，本案属民间借贷性质，王的行为不构成犯罪。
第二种意见认为：、王和中在主观上有收受贿赂的故意，客观上实施收受贿赂的行为（借款5万元）只是双方未在一起结算，没有说明借款就是受贿款，这点是王主观意志以外的原因造成的。王和中未能完全占有5万元的受贿款。因此，王和中的行为构成受贿（未遂）罪。
第三种意见认为：王和中身为国家工作人员，在工程开工前，就与承包人李、张二人达成“赚钱后平分”的口头协议。工程竣工后，王又多次要求结算盈利，兑现“赚钱后均分”的约定，其主观上具有收受贿赂的故意。客观上王和中在工程修建过程中，明知李、张二人虚报基础工程尺寸，未予制止，致李、张二人非法获利10万余元。王和中以借款的形式，收受承包人贿赂5万元，其利用职务之便，收受贿赂，为他人谋取利益，具备了《刑法》第三百八十五规定的受贿罪的构成要件，构成受贿罪。
[评析]
笔者同意第三种意见，即王和中的行为不是民间借贷，而是收受贿赂，构成受贿罪，理由是：
1、王和中在向李、张二人“借”钱之前，主观上已有明确的受贿故意。王作为发包方的现场施工代表，负责工程质量、进度，握有签字划拨工程款的大权，李、张二人若想多赚钱，需要求得王的“关照”。因而，三人达成协议，以承包工程盈利的三分之一作为王和中予以“关照”的报酬。王本人对此款性质是十分清楚的。
2、王和中利用职权为李、张二人谋取了非法利益（10万元）。李、张二人为谋取利益，采取非法手段，虚报工程量。王和中虽明知，但并不制止，还在划拨工程款方面提供方便，致使李、张非法获利10万余元。
3、王和中与李、张二人均认为5万元的“借款”是事先谈好的应给王的贿赂款。从王本人的行为来看，王三次向李、张借款均在开工之后，工程尚未结算之前。工程结算后，王又一再追问盈利情况，显然，王是想按约索钱。但当李、张二人告知盈利14万余元以后，他就未再提出分钱，也未再向李、张二人“借钱”。说明其认为自己的所“借”的5万元已占盈利的三分之一，李、张二人已经履约。这从长达二年多之久，王和中从不提还款之事可以明证。而李、张二人之所以隐瞒盈利12万元的真实情况，只告诉王盈利14万元，其目的就是将王和中“借”走的5万元抵作原来约定分给王的贿赂款。李、张二人在二年多的时间里，也从未向王和中主张过5万元的权利。双方的行为均证明，所谓“借款”不还是掩盖行、受贿行为的手段而已。
（作者单位：江西省吉水县法院）
中国人民银行
中国人民银行关于印发“中国人民银行关于侨资外资金融机构在中国设立常驻代表机构的管理办法”的通知（附英文）
中国人民银行
外交部、经贸部、中国国际信托投资公司、国家工商行政管理局、中国农业银行、中国银行、中国人民建设银行、广播电视部、新华社、人民日报、经济日报、中国日报；中国人民银行上海、广东、深圳分行，中国银行上海、广东、深圳分行；北京、上海、广东工商行政管理局；上海
进出口委；广东、深圳特区管委会：
为了有利于加强对侨资外资金融机构在中国设立常驻代表机构的管理，根据《中华人民共和国国务院关于管理外国企业常驻代表机构的暂行规定》特制订《中国人民银行关于侨资外资金融机构在中国设立常驻代表机构的管理办法》，现印发如后，请协助执行。
附：中国人民银行关于侨资外资金融机构在中国设立常驻代表机构的管理办法 一九八三年二月一日公布
第一条 根据《中华人民共和国国务院关于管理外国企业常驻代表机构的暂行规定》，为了加强对侨资外资金融机构在中国设立常驻代表机构的管理，特制订本办法。
第二条 侨资外资金融机构，如确有需要可申请在中国北京和经济特区设立常驻代表机构，经批准在北京设立代表机构后，如有必要，也可申请在中国其他指定城市设立派出机构。
第三条 侨资外资金融机构设在中国北京和经济特区的常驻代表机构，称“×××代表处”，保险公司可称“×××联络处”，派出机构统称“×××办事处”。
第四条 侨资外资金融机构申请在中国设立常驻代表机构及其派出机构，须报经中国人民银行审核批准。手续如下：
一、申请在北京设立常驻代表机构的侨资外资金融机构，须由其总管理机构向中国人民银行提出由其董事长或总经理签署的致中国人民银行行长的申请书。申请书交中国人民银行，也可以委托中国相应的金融机构代为转交。
二、申请在北京以外其他指定城市设立派出机构和申请在经济特区设立常驻代表机构的侨资外资金融机构，须由其总管理机构向中国人民银行提出由其董事长或总经理签署的致中国人民银行行长的申请书。申请书可以交给中国人民银行，也可以委托中国人民银行省、市、自治区分行（
以下简称中国人民银行的当地分行）代为转交。
三、申请单位必须提交下列证件和材料：
1．由申请单位填写的中国人民银行印发的“关于侨资外资金融机构在中华人民共和国设立常驻代表机构申请表”；
2．申请单位所在国或所在地区有关当局出具的开业合法证书或营业注册的副本（影印件）；
3．申请单位总管理机构的组织章程、董事会或类似组织的名单和最新的资产负债损益年报；
4．由申请单位的董事长或总经理签署的常驻代表机构首席代表的授权书、首席代表和代表的简历。
上述证件和材料如不是用中文或英文书写的，须附中文或英文译本。其中第2、3项如有变化，申请单位须将变化的情况及时书面报中国人民银行。
第五条 侨资外资金融机构在中国设立常驻代表机构及其派出机构的申请，经中国人民银行批准后，申请单位应依照中华人民共和国工商行政管理部门和公安部门的有关规定，持批准证书到所在地的工商行政管理部门和公安部门办理登记手续和居留手续。
第六条 侨资外资金融机构获准在中国设立的常驻代表机构及其派出机构，应持登记证到所在地的中国银行开立帐户，并须遵守中华人民共和国的外汇管理条例。
第七条 中国人民银行批准设立常驻代表机构及其派出机构的有效期限为三年，如要延长，须在到期之日三十天前，由常驻代表机构的代表向中国人民银行递交一份由其总管理机构董事长或总经理签署的延长驻在期申请书，经中国人民银行审核批准后，可再顺延三年。延期次数不限。
第八条 侨资外资金融机构的常驻代表机构及其派出机构的工作范围是：进行工作洽谈、联络、咨询、服务等非直接营利的工作，不得从事任何直接营利的业务活动。设在经济特区的常驻代表机构，只能在本经济特区范围内进行上述允许从事的非营利活动。
第九条 侨资外资金融机构的常驻代表机构及其派出机构的首席代表、代表均须报经中国人民银行批准后，才能就任其职务。首席代表、代表的合计人数，在北京不得超过四人，在经济特区不得超过三人，派出机构不得超过二人，如必需超过本条规定的人数，须报请中国人民银行另行
批准。
第十条 由中国外事服务单位或中国政府指定的其他单位推荐就地雇用中国境内公民者，人数不限，也无须报批，但设在北京的常驻代表机构须书面将雇用中国公民名单报中国人民银行备案。设在北京以外的派出机构和设在经济特区的常驻代表机构须书面将雇用中国公民名单报中国人
民银行的当地分行备案。
第十一条 侨资外资金融机构在北京的常驻代表机构要改变名称、更换首席代表、代表、迁移办公地址；派出机构要改变名称和更换代表；在中国经济特区的常驻代表机构要改变名称、更换首席代表，都须事先报中国人民银行批准。派出机构要迁移办公地址，须经中国人民银行的当地
分行批准。设在中国经济特区的常驻代表机构要更换代表和迁移办公地址，须经中国人民银行的当地分行批准。
第十二条 常驻代表机构的首席代表，须离职一个月以上时，应事先指定专人代行其职责，并将此项指定件，寄送中国人民银行备案。
第十三条 侨资外资金融机构的常驻代表机构及其派出机构的人员，在中国的一切活动和进出中国国境，都应遵守中国的法律、法令和有关条例。
第十四条 中国人民银行和中国人民银行的当地分行，有权对侨资外资金融机构的常驻代表机构及其派出机构的工作进行监督、检查和管理。
第十五条 侨资外资金融机构的常驻代表机构，应于每年一月十五日前，向中国人民银行报送一份用中文或英文书写的上年工作情况的报告，报告须真实地反映本机构在中国的工作情况。设在中国北京以外的派出机构和设在经济特区的常驻代表机构，其报告应按上述要求报送中国人民
银行的当地分行并抄报中国人民银行。
第十六条 侨资外资金融机构如要撤销在中国的常驻代表机构或派出机构，须在撤销之日三十天前，以书面通告中国人民银行，并于债务、税务和其它有关事宜清理完毕后，向原发证机关办理注销登记手续，缴销登记证，常驻代表机构和派出机构的一切未了事宜，均须由其总管理机构
继续承担责任。
第十七条 侨资外资金融机构的常驻代表机构及其派出机构和人员，凡违反本办法的，中国人民银行和中国人民银行的当地分行有权进行检查和处理。
第十八条 本管理办法自公布之日起实行。
Provisional Regulations for the Establishment of RepresentativeOffices in China by Overseas Chinese and Foreign Financial Instituti
(Issued by the People's Bank of China on February 1, 1983)
Important Notice: (注意事项)
当发生歧意时, 应以法律法规颁布单位发布的中文原文为准.
In case of discrepancy, the original version in Chinese shall prevail.
Whole Document (法规全文)
Provisional Regulations for the Establishment of Representative
Offices in China by Overseas Chinese and Foreign Financial Institutions
(Issued by the People's Bank of China on February 1, 1983)
Article 1
In accordance with the Interim Provisions of the State Council of the
People's Republic of China for the Control of Resident Representative
Offices of Foreign Enterprises, the following regulations are formulated
with a view to exercising more effective control over the establishment of
representative offices of overseas Chinese and foreign financial
institutions in the People's Republic of China.
Article 2
Any overseas Chinese or foreign financial institution, if it deems it
necessary, may apply for permission to establish a representative
office(s) in Beijing and/or in any of the special economic zones in China.
After a representative office is set up in Beijing with due approval, the
represented institution may, if necessary, secure further permission to
open a subordinate representative office(s) in other designated cities.
Article 3
Representative offices set up by overseas Chinese and foreign financial
institutions in Beijing and the special economic zones shall bear names in
immediate conjunction with the description "representative office"; Such
offices set up by overseas Chinese or foreign insurance companies shall
bear names in immediate conjunction with the description "liaison office";
Additional offices set up in other designated cities shall bear names in
immediate conjunction with the description "subordinate representative
office", or "sub-rep office" for short.
Article 4
Overseas Chinese or foreign financial institutions desiring to establish
representative offices and subordinate representative offices in China
shall apply to the People's Bank of China (hereinafter referred to as the
Bank) in conformity with the following procedure:
a) For the purpose of establishing a representative office in Beijing, the
head office of the applying institution shall address to the governor of
the Bank a letter of application duly signed by the chairman of the board
or the chief executive of the general management. The application may be
sent direct to the Bank or forwarded through a relevant Chinese financial
institution.
b) For the purpose of establishing a representative office in a special
economic zone or a subordinate representative office in other designated
cities, the head office of the applying institution shall address to the
governor of the Bank a letter of application duly signed by the chairman
of the board or the chief executive of the general management. The
application may be sent direct to the Bank or forwarded through the
provincial, municipal or autonomous regional branch of the Bank
(hereinafter referred to as PBC local branch).
c) The applying institution shall submit the following documents and
reference materials:
1. An Application Form for Overseas Chinese or Foreign Financial
Institutions Establishing Representative Offices in the People's Republic
of China, which is obtainable from the Bank, filled out by the applying
institution;
2. A photostatic copy of the charter or business licence granted by the
authorities of the country or region in which the institution operates;
3. Articles of association and by-laws, a name list of the board of
directors or a similar organization controlling the institution, the
latest balance sheet and statement of profit and loss of the applying
institution;
4. Power of attorney given to the chief representative and signed by the
chairman of the board or the chief executive of the general management;
curricula vitae of the chief representative, other representative(s),
foreign staff member(s) and employee(s) from Hongkong and Macao.
Chinese or English translations shall be submitted with the documents and
materials if they are in other languages.
The applying institution shall inform the Bank in writing of any changes
in the submitted documents and materials required in Points 2 and 3.
Article 5
The overseas Chinese or foreign financial institution, when granted
permission to establish a representative office or subordinate
representative office in China, shall in accordance with the relevant
regulations present the approval certificate to the local Administrative
Bureau for Industry and Commerce and the Public Security Bureau and go
through the formalities for registration and residence.
Article 6
Each of the approved representative offices and subordinate representative
offices of overseas Chinese and foreign financial institutions shall on
the strength of the registration certificate open an account with the Bank
of China and observe exchange control regulations of the People's Republic
of China.
Article 7
The representative offices and subordinate representative offices are
approved by the Bank for a term of three years. If an extension is
desired, the representative shall submit to the Bank thirty days before
the term expires a letter of application signed by the chairman of the
board or the chief executive of the general management. There is no limit
on the number of extensions.
Article 8
The representative offices and subordinate representative offices set up
by overseas Chinese and foreign financial institutions shall operate
within the scope of nonprofit activities such as carrying on business
negotiations, acting as liaison, providing consultancy and other services.
They shall not engage in any direct profit-making business activities.
The representative offices in a special economic zone shall only engage in
such non-profit activities as mentioned above within the confines of the
special economic zone.
Article 9
Chief representatives, other representatives, foreign staff members and
employees from Hongkong and Macao shall be approved by the Bank before
assuming their duties in China. Their total number shall not be more than
a) four in a representative office in Beijing,
b) three in a representative office in a special economic zone, and
c) two in a subordinate representative office in other designated cities.
In a particular case where more are needed than the prescribed number, an
application shall be sent to the Bank for approval.
Article 10
There is no limit on the number of local Chinese citizens that a
representative office or subordinate representative office may decide to
employ on the recommendation of the Chinese personnel or service
departments; Nor is the Bank's approval required for such employment.
However, for the purpose of record, a name list of the local Chinese
employees a) of a representative office in Beijing shall be filed with the
Bank and b) of a representative office in a special economic zone and a
subordinate representative office in other cities shall be filed with the
PBC local branch.
Article 11
Reports shall be filed with the Bank for approval in cases
a) where a representative office in Beijing desires to change its name,
address or to replace its chief representative, other representative(s),
foreign staff member(s) or employee(s) from Hongkong and Macao; or
b) where a subordinate representative office desires to change its name or
replace its representative(s), foreign staff member(s) or employe(s) from
Hongkong and Macao; or c) where a representative office in a special
economic zone desires to change its name or replace its chief
representative.
Reports shall be filed with the PBC local branch for approval in cases
a) where a representative office in a special economic zone desires to
change its address or representative(s), foreign staff member(s) or
employee(s) from Hongkong and Macao; or
b) where a subordinate representative office desires to change its
address.
Article 12
When the chief representative of a representative office is absent from
office for a period longer than a month, someone else shall be designated
to assume responsibilities during his absence. A copy of the designation
document shall be sent to the Bank for record.
Article 13
Members of representative offices and subordinate representative offices
of overseas Chinese and foreign financial institutions must observe
Chinese laws, decrees, rules and regulations in all their activities
within China and in entering and leaving China.
Article 14
The Bank and its local branches retain the rights to supervise, regulate
and examine the work of the representative offices and subordinate
representative offices of overseas Chinese and foreign financial
institutions.
Article 15
Every year before the fifteenth of January, each of the representative
offices of overseas Chinese and foreign financial institutions in Beijing
shall submit to the Bank a report in Chinese or in English giving a
faithful account of its work in China in the preceding year.
Subordinate representative offices in other cities and representative
offices in special economic zones shall file such reports with the PBC
local branches, copies of which shall be sent to the Bank for record.
Article 16
If an overseas Chinese or foreign financial institution decides to close
its representative office or subordinate representative office in China,
it shall notify the Bank in writing thirty days before the date of
closing. After paying off its debts and taxes and clearing off other
obligations, the representative office or subordinate representative
office shall go through the formalities of cancelling its registration and
turning in the certificate at the registration agency with which it has
registered. The head office of the represented institution shall be held
responsible for any obligations its representative office(s) or
subordinate representative office(s) leaves unsettled.
Article 17
The Bank and its local branches exercise the rights of examination and
penalty in case of violation of these regulations by any representative
offices, subordinate representative offices or their members.
Article 18
The "Provisional Regulations" comes into force on the date of issue.
1983年1月7日
李崇军
[案情]
王和中系某镇一副书记，为该镇政府新办公大楼工程的发包方（甲方）现场施工代表，负责工程质量、进度及签字划拨工程款。该工程的承包人李三平、张强（乙方）为获得王在工程中的“关照”，在工程开工之前便与王和中共谋，达成了工程赚钱后三人平分的口头协议。大楼工程在2000年7月开工。至2001年2月工程竣工期间，王和中先后出具了三张只有借款金额、无借款利息及还款时间的借条，共向李三平、张强借得现金5万元。在工程的修建过程中，王和中明知李三平与张强虚报基础工程尺寸，未予制止，致使李、张非法获利10万余元，并在划拨工程款等方面提供方便。工程结算后，李、张二人共盈利26万余元，遂商量告诉王和中只赚了14万元左右，除去王借去的5万元，余利李、张二人均分。在王和中一再追问该工程盈利的情况下，李、张二人告诉王和中，该工程只盈利14万元左右。王和中即未再提出借款和分款。到2003年8月案发前，李、张二人未向王追索借款，王也未还款，双方均未提及此事。案发后，在检察机关的要求下，张强从家中拿出王和中出具的三张借据。张称保留借据的原因是让合伙人李三平知道财务情况，以免误会。
[分歧]
审理中，对本案王和中的行为如何认定，有三种不同意见。
第一种意见认为：王和中在借款时，出具了书面借据，借款后，虽得知该工程盈利“14万元左右”，但不明知其所借之款即为工程开工前口头约定应分得数额，也未再要求分款。虽工程竣工后长达二年仍未还款，但借据仍在张强处，张可随时主张权利，其借款性质仍未转变为口头约定的应分得的款项。因此，本案属民间借贷性质，王的行为不构成犯罪。
第二种意见认为：、王和中在主观上有收受贿赂的故意，客观上实施收受贿赂的行为（借款5万元）只是双方未在一起结算，没有说明借款就是受贿款，这点是王主观意志以外的原因造成的。王和中未能完全占有5万元的受贿款。因此，王和中的行为构成受贿（未遂）罪。
第三种意见认为：王和中身为国家工作人员，在工程开工前，就与承包人李、张二人达成“赚钱后平分”的口头协议。工程竣工后，王又多次要求结算盈利，兑现“赚钱后均分”的约定，其主观上具有收受贿赂的故意。客观上王和中在工程修建过程中，明知李、张二人虚报基础工程尺寸，未予制止，致李、张二人非法获利10万余元。王和中以借款的形式，收受承包人贿赂5万元，其利用职务之便，收受贿赂，为他人谋取利益，具备了《刑法》第三百八十五规定的受贿罪的构成要件，构成受贿罪。
[评析]
笔者同意第三种意见，即王和中的行为不是民间借贷，而是收受贿赂，构成受贿罪，理由是：
1、王和中在向李、张二人“借”钱之前，主观上已有明确的受贿故意。王作为发包方的现场施工代表，负责工程质量、进度，握有签字划拨工程款的大权，李、张二人若想多赚钱，需要求得王的“关照”。因而，三人达成协议，以承包工程盈利的三分之一作为王和中予以“关照”的报酬。王本人对此款性质是十分清楚的。
2、王和中利用职权为李、张二人谋取了非法利益（10万元）。李、张二人为谋取利益，采取非法手段，虚报工程量。王和中虽明知，但并不制止，还在划拨工程款方面提供方便，致使李、张非法获利10万余元。
3、王和中与李、张二人均认为5万元的“借款”是事先谈好的应给王的贿赂款。从王本人的行为来看，王三次向李、张借款均在开工之后，工程尚未结算之前。工程结算后，王又一再追问盈利情况，显然，王是想按约索钱。但当李、张二人告知盈利14万余元以后，他就未再提出分钱，也未再向李、张二人“借钱”。说明其认为自己的所“借”的5万元已占盈利的三分之一，李、张二人已经履约。这从长达二年多之久，王和中从不提还款之事可以明证。而李、张二人之所以隐瞒盈利12万元的真实情况，只告诉王盈利14万元，其目的就是将王和中“借”走的5万元抵作原来约定分给王的贿赂款。李、张二人在二年多的时间里，也从未向王和中主张过5万元的权利。双方的行为均证明，所谓“借款”不还是掩盖行、受贿行为的手段而已。
（作者单位：江西省吉水县法院）
中国人民银行关于印发“中国人民银行关于侨资外资金融机构在中国设立常驻代表机构的管理办法”的通知（附英文）
中国人民银行关于印发“中国人民银行关于侨资外资金融机构在中国设立常驻代表机构的管理办法”的通知（附英文）
中国人民银行
外交部、经贸部、中国国际信托投资公司、国家工商行政管理局、中国农业银行、中国银行、中国人民建设银行、广播电视部、新华社、人民日报、经济日报、中国日报；中国人民银行上海、广东、深圳分行，中国银行上海、广东、深圳分行；北京、上海、广东工商行政管理局；上海
进出口委；广东、深圳特区管委会：
为了有利于加强对侨资外资金融机构在中国设立常驻代表机构的管理，根据《中华人民共和国国务院关于管理外国企业常驻代表机构的暂行规定》特制订《中国人民银行关于侨资外资金融机构在中国设立常驻代表机构的管理办法》，现印发如后，请协助执行。
附：中国人民银行关于侨资外资金融机构在中国设立常驻代表机构的管理办法 一九八三年二月一日公布
第一条 根据《中华人民共和国国务院关于管理外国企业常驻代表机构的暂行规定》，为了加强对侨资外资金融机构在中国设立常驻代表机构的管理，特制订本办法。
第二条 侨资外资金融机构，如确有需要可申请在中国北京和经济特区设立常驻代表机构，经批准在北京设立代表机构后，如有必要，也可申请在中国其他指定城市设立派出机构。
第三条 侨资外资金融机构设在中国北京和经济特区的常驻代表机构，称“×××代表处”，保险公司可称“×××联络处”，派出机构统称“×××办事处”。
第四条 侨资外资金融机构申请在中国设立常驻代表机构及其派出机构，须报经中国人民银行审核批准。手续如下：
一、申请在北京设立常驻代表机构的侨资外资金融机构，须由其总管理机构向中国人民银行提出由其董事长或总经理签署的致中国人民银行行长的申请书。申请书交中国人民银行，也可以委托中国相应的金融机构代为转交。
二、申请在北京以外其他指定城市设立派出机构和申请在经济特区设立常驻代表机构的侨资外资金融机构，须由其总管理机构向中国人民银行提出由其董事长或总经理签署的致中国人民银行行长的申请书。申请书可以交给中国人民银行，也可以委托中国人民银行省、市、自治区分行（
以下简称中国人民银行的当地分行）代为转交。
三、申请单位必须提交下列证件和材料：
1．由申请单位填写的中国人民银行印发的“关于侨资外资金融机构在中华人民共和国设立常驻代表机构申请表”；
2．申请单位所在国或所在地区有关当局出具的开业合法证书或营业注册的副本（影印件）；
3．申请单位总管理机构的组织章程、董事会或类似组织的名单和最新的资产负债损益年报；
4．由申请单位的董事长或总经理签署的常驻代表机构首席代表的授权书、首席代表和代表的简历。
上述证件和材料如不是用中文或英文书写的，须附中文或英文译本。其中第2、3项如有变化，申请单位须将变化的情况及时书面报中国人民银行。
第五条 侨资外资金融机构在中国设立常驻代表机构及其派出机构的申请，经中国人民银行批准后，申请单位应依照中华人民共和国工商行政管理部门和公安部门的有关规定，持批准证书到所在地的工商行政管理部门和公安部门办理登记手续和居留手续。
第六条 侨资外资金融机构获准在中国设立的常驻代表机构及其派出机构，应持登记证到所在地的中国银行开立帐户，并须遵守中华人民共和国的外汇管理条例。
第七条 中国人民银行批准设立常驻代表机构及其派出机构的有效期限为三年，如要延长，须在到期之日三十天前，由常驻代表机构的代表向中国人民银行递交一份由其总管理机构董事长或总经理签署的延长驻在期申请书，经中国人民银行审核批准后，可再顺延三年。延期次数不限。
第八条 侨资外资金融机构的常驻代表机构及其派出机构的工作范围是：进行工作洽谈、联络、咨询、服务等非直接营利的工作，不得从事任何直接营利的业务活动。设在经济特区的常驻代表机构，只能在本经济特区范围内进行上述允许从事的非营利活动。
第九条 侨资外资金融机构的常驻代表机构及其派出机构的首席代表、代表均须报经中国人民银行批准后，才能就任其职务。首席代表、代表的合计人数，在北京不得超过四人，在经济特区不得超过三人，派出机构不得超过二人，如必需超过本条规定的人数，须报请中国人民银行另行
批准。
第十条 由中国外事服务单位或中国政府指定的其他单位推荐就地雇用中国境内公民者，人数不限，也无须报批，但设在北京的常驻代表机构须书面将雇用中国公民名单报中国人民银行备案。设在北京以外的派出机构和设在经济特区的常驻代表机构须书面将雇用中国公民名单报中国人
民银行的当地分行备案。
第十一条 侨资外资金融机构在北京的常驻代表机构要改变名称、更换首席代表、代表、迁移办公地址；派出机构要改变名称和更换代表；在中国经济特区的常驻代表机构要改变名称、更换首席代表，都须事先报中国人民银行批准。派出机构要迁移办公地址，须经中国人民银行的当地
分行批准。设在中国经济特区的常驻代表机构要更换代表和迁移办公地址，须经中国人民银行的当地分行批准。
第十二条 常驻代表机构的首席代表，须离职一个月以上时，应事先指定专人代行其职责，并将此项指定件，寄送中国人民银行备案。
第十三条 侨资外资金融机构的常驻代表机构及其派出机构的人员，在中国的一切活动和进出中国国境，都应遵守中国的法律、法令和有关条例。
第十四条 中国人民银行和中国人民银行的当地分行，有权对侨资外资金融机构的常驻代表机构及其派出机构的工作进行监督、检查和管理。
第十五条 侨资外资金融机构的常驻代表机构，应于每年一月十五日前，向中国人民银行报送一份用中文或英文书写的上年工作情况的报告，报告须真实地反映本机构在中国的工作情况。设在中国北京以外的派出机构和设在经济特区的常驻代表机构，其报告应按上述要求报送中国人民
银行的当地分行并抄报中国人民银行。
第十六条 侨资外资金融机构如要撤销在中国的常驻代表机构或派出机构，须在撤销之日三十天前，以书面通告中国人民银行，并于债务、税务和其它有关事宜清理完毕后，向原发证机关办理注销登记手续，缴销登记证，常驻代表机构和派出机构的一切未了事宜，均须由其总管理机构
继续承担责任。
第十七条 侨资外资金融机构的常驻代表机构及其派出机构和人员，凡违反本办法的，中国人民银行和中国人民银行的当地分行有权进行检查和处理。
第十八条 本管理办法自公布之日起实行。
Provisional Regulations for the Establishment of RepresentativeOffices in China by Overseas Chinese and Foreign Financial Instituti
(Issued by the People's Bank of China on February 1, 1983)
Important Notice: (注意事项)
当发生歧意时, 应以法律法规颁布单位发布的中文原文为准.
In case of discrepancy, the original version in Chinese shall prevail.
Whole Document (法规全文)
Provisional Regulations for the Establishment of Representative
Offices in China by Overseas Chinese and Foreign Financial Institutions
(Issued by the People's Bank of China on February 1, 1983)
Article 1
In accordance with the Interim Provisions of the State Council of the
People's Republic of China for the Control of Resident Representative
Offices of Foreign Enterprises, the following regulations are formulated
with a view to exercising more effective control over the establishment of
representative offices of overseas Chinese and foreign financial
institutions in the People's Republic of China.
Article 2
Any overseas Chinese or foreign financial institution, if it deems it
necessary, may apply for permission to establish a representative
office(s) in Beijing and/or in any of the special economic zones in China.
After a representative office is set up in Beijing with due approval, the
represented institution may, if necessary, secure further permission to
open a subordinate representative office(s) in other designated cities.
Article 3
Representative offices set up by overseas Chinese and foreign financial
institutions in Beijing and the special economic zones shall bear names in
immediate conjunction with the description "representative office"; Such
offices set up by overseas Chinese or foreign insurance companies shall
bear names in immediate conjunction with the description "liaison office";
Additional offices set up in other designated cities shall bear names in
immediate conjunction with the description "subordinate representative
office", or "sub-rep office" for short.
Article 4
Overseas Chinese or foreign financial institutions desiring to establish
representative offices and subordinate representative offices in China
shall apply to the People's Bank of China (hereinafter referred to as the
Bank) in conformity with the following procedure:
a) For the purpose of establishing a representative office in Beijing, the
head office of the applying institution shall address to the governor of
the Bank a letter of application duly signed by the chairman of the board
or the chief executive of the general management. The application may be
sent direct to the Bank or forwarded through a relevant Chinese financial
institution.
b) For the purpose of establishing a representative office in a special
economic zone or a subordinate representative office in other designated
cities, the head office of the applying institution shall address to the
governor of the Bank a letter of application duly signed by the chairman
of the board or the chief executive of the general management. The
application may be sent direct to the Bank or forwarded through the
provincial, municipal or autonomous regional branch of the Bank
(hereinafter referred to as PBC local branch).
c) The applying institution shall submit the following documents and
reference materials:
1. An Application Form for Overseas Chinese or Foreign Financial
Institutions Establishing Representative Offices in the People's Republic
of China, which is obtainable from the Bank, filled out by the applying
institution;
2. A photostatic copy of the charter or business licence granted by the
authorities of the country or region in which the institution operates;
3. Articles of association and by-laws, a name list of the board of
directors or a similar organization controlling the institution, the
latest balance sheet and statement of profit and loss of the applying
institution;
4. Power of attorney given to the chief representative and signed by the
chairman of the board or the chief executive of the general management;
curricula vitae of the chief representative, other representative(s),
foreign staff member(s) and employee(s) from Hongkong and Macao.
Chinese or English translations shall be submitted with the documents and
materials if they are in other languages.
The applying institution shall inform the Bank in writing of any changes
in the submitted documents and materials required in Points 2 and 3.
Article 5
The overseas Chinese or foreign financial institution, when granted
permission to establish a representative office or subordinate
representative office in China, shall in accordance with the relevant
regulations present the approval certificate to the local Administrative
Bureau for Industry and Commerce and the Public Security Bureau and go
through the formalities for registration and residence.
Article 6
Each of the approved representative offices and subordinate representative
offices of overseas Chinese and foreign financial institutions shall on
the strength of the registration certificate open an account with the Bank
of China and observe exchange control regulations of the People's Republic
of China.
Article 7
The representative offices and subordinate representative offices are
approved by the Bank for a term of three years. If an extension is
desired, the representative shall submit to the Bank thirty days before
the term expires a letter of application signed by the chairman of the
board or the chief executive of the general management. There is no limit
on the number of extensions.
Article 8
The representative offices and subordinate representative offices set up
by overseas Chinese and foreign financial institutions shall operate
within the scope of nonprofit activities such as carrying on business
negotiations, acting as liaison, providing consultancy and other services.
They shall not engage in any direct profit-making business activities.
The representative offices in a special economic zone shall only engage in
such non-profit activities as mentioned above within the confines of the
special economic zone.
Article 9
Chief representatives, other representatives, foreign staff members and
employees from Hongkong and Macao shall be approved by the Bank before
assuming their duties in China. Their total number shall not be more than
a) four in a representative office in Beijing,
b) three in a representative office in a special economic zone, and
c) two in a subordinate representative office in other designated cities.
In a particular case where more are needed than the prescribed number, an
application shall be sent to the Bank for approval.
Article 10
There is no limit on the number of local Chinese citizens that a
representative office or subordinate representative office may decide to
employ on the recommendation of the Chinese personnel or service
departments; Nor is the Bank's approval required for such employment.
However, for the purpose of record, a name list of the local Chinese
employees a) of a representative office in Beijing shall be filed with the
Bank and b) of a representative office in a special economic zone and a
subordinate representative office in other cities shall be filed with the
PBC local branch.
Article 11
Reports shall be filed with the Bank for approval in cases
a) where a representative office in Beijing desires to change its name,
address or to replace its chief representative, other representative(s),
foreign staff member(s) or employee(s) from Hongkong and Macao; or
b) where a subordinate representative office desires to change its name or
replace its representative(s), foreign staff member(s) or employe(s) from
Hongkong and Macao; or c) where a representative office in a special
economic zone desires to change its name or replace its chief
representative.
Reports shall be filed with the PBC local branch for approval in cases
a) where a representative office in a special economic zone desires to
change its address or representative(s), foreign staff member(s) or
employee(s) from Hongkong and Macao; or
b) where a subordinate representative office desires to change its
address.
Article 12
When the chief representative of a representative office is absent from
office for a period longer than a month, someone else shall be designated
to assume responsibilities during his absence. A copy of the designation
document shall be sent to the Bank for record.
Article 13
Members of representative offices and subordinate representative offices
of overseas Chinese and foreign financial institutions must observe
Chinese laws, decrees, rules and regulations in all their activities
within China and in entering and leaving China.
Article 14
The Bank and its local branches retain the rights to supervise, regulate
and examine the work of the representative offices and subordinate
representative offices of overseas Chinese and foreign financial
institutions.
Article 15
Every year before the fifteenth of January, each of the representative
offices of overseas Chinese and foreign financial institutions in Beijing
shall submit to the Bank a report in Chinese or in English giving a
faithful account of its work in China in the preceding year.
Subordinate representative offices in other cities and representative
offices in special economic zones shall file such reports with the PBC
local branches, copies of which shall be sent to the Bank for record.
Article 16
If an overseas Chinese or foreign financial institution decides to close
its representative office or subordinate representative office in China,
it shall notify the Bank in writing thirty days before the date of
closing. After paying off its debts and taxes and clearing off other
obligations, the representative office or subordinate representative
office shall go through the formalities of cancelling its registration and
turning in the certificate at the registration agency with which it has
registered. The head office of the represented institution shall be held
responsible for any obligations its representative office(s) or
subordinate representative office(s) leaves unsettled.
Article 17
The Bank and its local branches exercise the rights of examination and
penalty in case of violation of these regulations by any representative
offices, subordinate representative offices or their members.
Article 18
The "Provisional Regulations" comes into force on the date of issue.
1983年1月7日
